Nigeria – environment
The Nigeria NAP provides a list of existing constitutional obligations, domestic legislation, internation obligations, and police and administrative steps. This breakdown only looks at the list of challenges and the implementation of the 3 pillars of the UNGPs.
RIGHT TO SAFE WATER AND SANITATION
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN – ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS
| Objectives | Legal Framework | Current Status Policies and Administrative Steps) | Action | Performance Indicator | Outcome Indicator | Legal Agency | Cooperating Partners |
| 18. Adequate legal frameworks for integration of right to safe water | National Water Resources Institute Act 1985 | National Resources Policy (2016) National Water Resources Roadmap (2016-2030) Partnership for Expanded Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene (PEWASH) Programme Strategy (2016-2030) National Action Plan for Revitalization of the WASH Sector | Revise existing legal frameworks on right to safe water. Review and revise policy frameworks on access to safe water. Implement existing policies and frameworks on access to safe water | Number of legal frameworks revised/reviewed. Number of policies and frameworks reviewed and revised. Level of implementation of policies and frameworks on access to safe water | Number of cases of corrupt practices and misconducts recorded in the health sector each year | National and State Houses of Assembl y Ministry of Water Resource s | Ministry of Justice United Nations International Children Emergency Fund United Nations agencies, Nigerian Bar Association National Human Rights Commission National Environmenta l Standard Regulation and Enforcement Agency |
| 19. Access to safe water | National Water Resources Institute Act 1985 River Basin Development Authority Act, 1976 | National Water Resources Policy Executive Order 009 on Open Defecation in Nigeria | Construct inclusive and affordable safe water facilities in unserved populations and public institutions. Build capacity on rainwater harvesting. Strengthen systems for ensuring sustained water safety and quality. | Number of new water facilities constructed. . Number of capacity building programmes for rain water harvesting Existing legal and policy frameworks for water safety | Number or proportion of unserved populations reached with new water facilities Numbers of people with improved capacity on rain water harvesting Percentage reduction in number of people/communit ies relying on self-help, private boreholes | Ministry of Water Resource s | River Basin Development Authorities Water Boards Africa Development Bank NICEF World Bank European Union Department for International Development International Non Governmenta l Organizations (INGOs) |
| 20. Sustainable and functional water infrastructure. | National Water Resources Institute Act 1985 River Basin Development Authority Act, 1976 | National Water Resources Roadmap (2016-2030) National Action Plan for the Revitalization of the WASH Sector. | improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally Ensure rehabilitation of non-functional, deteriorating or abandoned water facilities. Strengthen management structures for water facilities. Strengthen supply chain for water facility spare parts. Update the drainage pattern map and data on water resources of Nigeria | Number of water facilities rehabilitated. Percentage increase in the number of water facilities that are functioning. Proportion of community managed water facilities with basic spare parts in stock. Drainage pattern map updated. Data on water resources updated. | Proportion of wastewater safely treated Proportion of population that can access safe water | Ministry of Water Resources | River Basin Development Authorities Water Boards Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) United Nations Development Program |
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN – RIGHT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
| Objectives | Legal Framework | Current Status Policies and Administrative Steps) | Action | Performance Indicator | Outcome Indicator | Legal Agency | Cooperating Partners |
| 1. Proper waste management to protect the environment | Forestry Research Institute Of Nigeria (Establishment) Act 2018 National Agency For The Great Green Wall (Establishment) Act 2015 Associated Gas Re Injection Act 1979 Nigerian Maritime Administration And Safety Agency Act 2007 Harmful Waste (Special Criminal Provisions, Etc.,) Act, 1988 National Oil Spillage And Detection Management Agency Act, 2006 National Environmental Standards And Regulations Enforcement Agency Act, 2007 Environmental Health Officers (Registration) Act 2002 Nigeria Liquefied And Natural Gas (Fiscal Incentives, Guarantees And Assurances) Act 2004 Petroleum Equalization Fund (Management Board, etc.) Act 1975 Petroleum Production and Distribution (Anti- Sabotage) Act 1975 Associated Gas Re Injection Act 1979 | The National Policy on Methanol Fuel Technology 2019 Hydrocarbon Pollution Remediation Project Ecological Fund 1981 Blue Box Recycling Initiative of Lagos State National Environmental (Wetlands, River Banks, Lake Shores) Regulations, 2009 National Environmental (Watershed, Mountainous, Hilly and Catchment Areas) Regulation, 2009 National Environmental (Sanitation and Waste Control), 2009 National Environmental (Permitting and Licensing System) Regulation, 2009 National Environmental (Mining and Processing of Coal, Ores and Industrial Materials), 2009 National Environmental (Soil Erosion and Flood Control) Regulations, 2011 National Oil Spill Contingency Plan | Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management Develop a roadmap to waste management for economic development Develop an audit for waste management planning Encourage the development a circular economy strategy to encourage sustainable development Ensure the development of green economy strategy in Nigeria | Development of a national waste database Existing roadmap for waste management Development of a strategy for implementation of circular economy | Proportion of solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, cities Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5 and PM10) in cities (population weighted) Percentage reduction in green-house gas (GHG) emissions in Nigeria | Ministry of Environment | Ministry of Trade and Investment Ministry of Finance Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Health Ministry of Mines and Steel Development National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Waste Management Agencies Manufacturers Association of Nigeria |
| 2. Effective implementation of government policies and programmes on desertification and afforestation | Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (Establishment) Act 2018 National Emergency Management Agency (Establishment) Act 1999 Nigerian Airspace Management Agency 1999 National Space Research and Development Agency Act 2010 National Agency for the Great Green Wall (Establishment) Act 2015 Nigerian Hydrological Services Agency Act 2010 Nigerian Meteorological Agency (Establishment) Act 2003 Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act, 2007 National Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agency, Act 2007 River Basins Development Authorities Act 1986 National Human Rights Commission Amendment Act 2010 | Nigerian Minerals and Mining Regulations, 2011 National Forest Policy (NFP), 2020 National Adaptation Plan (NAP) 2020 National Disaster Management Framework 2010 Ecological Trust Fund 1981 National Disaster Response Plan 2002 National Forest Policy 2020 National Livestock Transformation Plan 2019 | Implement policies to combat environmental degradation Ensure stronger implementation of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and REDD+ programmes Develop environmentally friendly and sustainable mining policies and strategy Build climate resilient strategies and empowerment programmes for vulnerable communities and populations against the effects and impacts of natural disasters and environmental degradation Develop Silvo pastoral systems Develop Agro Ecology policies and strategies | Progress towards sustainable forest management Percentage reduction in unsustainable mining | Progress towards sustainable forest management Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area | Ministry of Environment | Department of Climate Change National Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) Ministry of Agriculture Lake Chad Basin Development Authority Hadejia- Jamare River Basin Development Authority |
| 30. Conducive environment for investment in the aviation industry | Nigeria Immigration Services Act 2015 Civil Aviation (Repeal and Re enactment) Act 2006 Nigerian Airspace Management Agency Act 1999 | Immigration Act (Amendment) Bill, 2019 Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria Act (Amendment) Bill, 2019 Civil Aviation (Amendment) Bill, 2019 Immigration regulations 2017 | Improve efficiency of air transportation in Nigeria Promote safety of aircrafts, persons and property through regulation Ensure the provision of incentives for airline investors Provide adequate infrastructure for the aviation industry | Improvement in aviation services and air passenger safety Number of foreign investments in the aviation industry Number of safety trainings and retraining conducted for airline staff and management Number of routine maintenance carried out by airlines on aircrafts Existing national regulations for safety of aircrafts and passengers Number of waivers granted to airline investors | Improved business environment in the aviation industry. Number of air mishaps recorded in the country Relative Ease of travelling by air in the country in terms of check in time, timely departure of flights and customer service | Ministry of Aviation Ministry of Trade and Industry | Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nigerian Meteorological Agency Nigerian Airspace Management Authority |
5. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS
5.6 Right to Water and Sanitation
5.6.1 Constitutional Obligations
“The State shall protect and improve the environment and safeguard the water, air and land, forest and wildlife of Nigeria.”
6.2 Right to Protect Environment 6.2.1 Constitutional Obligations S.20 The State shall protect and improve the environment and safeguard the water, air and land, forest and wildlife of Nigeria. S.17 (2) In furtherance of the Social order …(d) exploitation of human or natural resources in any form whatsoever for reasons, other than the good of the community, shall be prevented.
8.6 CHALLENGES
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“i. Lack of Adequate human rights, conflict and environmental impact assessment when land is being acquired for development or business purpose.” (p.154)
PILLAR 1 – STATE DUTY TO PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS
ACTIONABLE ITEMS
F. ENVIRONMENT
“When acquiring land for development or business, government must ensure the conduct of human rights conflict and environmental impact assessment. In respect of environmental hazards and workplace safety, there will be periodic monitoring and inspection of company premises, operations and surroundings of manufacturing, construction, and extractive industries among others to ascertain their compliance with environmental standards.” (p.158)