Ghana- 1st- Judicial remedy

By Daniel Morris | 4. November 2025

CHAPTER: 3 BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

3.3.14 Access to Effective Remedy Deficits

State-Based Judicial Mechanism

High cost of litigation
Long delays in court processes
Perceived and actual corruption risk with justice delivery
Inadequate resources
Unequal access to justice delivery infrastructure and services

CHAPTER: 4 STRATEGIES AND INTERVENTIONS

4.1 Strategies to achieve Key Objectives of the Three Pillars

4.1.1 Pillar 1: The State’s Duty to Protect Human Rights

Strategy: 1.3 Enhance institutional capacity and policy framework on compulsory acquisition of land to uphold human rights.

Activities: Draft L.I to operationalize the new Lands Act to incorporate women’s rights including compensation and resettlement in compulsory land acquisition.

Time frame: 2025
Implementing lead agencies: MLNR, OAG&MoJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: Parliament, Cabinet, Lands Commission, MinCom, Forestry Commission, Traditional authorities, CHRAJ, MDAs, MMDAs, MoF, LUSPA, OASL

1.5 Enact new legislations and strengthen the implementation of the existing laws on the protection of vulnerable groups

Activities: Organize sensitization programmes on available redress mechanisms

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: CHRAJ, NCCE, MoGCSP
Implementing collaborating agencies: OAG&MOJ, MPs, TUC, MMDAs

4.1.3 Pillar 3: Access to Effective Remedy

Key Objective 3: To empower rights-holders to assert their human rights within the business environment

Strategy: 3.2 Strengthen capacity of rights-holders, employees, communities, in asserting their human rights

Activities: Advocate for the provision of free legal services to communities affected by business-related human rights abuses and violations

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: CHRAJ, OAG&MoJ, NDPC
Implementing collaborating agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, Organized Labour, Employers’ Associations,CSOs

Key Objective 4: To enhance access to effective remedy for victims of business-related human rights abuses and violations in business operation.

Strategy: 4.1 Strengthen the provision of free legal services to persons and communities affected by business-related human rights abuses and violations

Activities: Provide free legal services to persons and communities affected by business-related human rights abuses and violations

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: CHRAJ/LAC
Implementing collaborating agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, Employers’ Associations, PEF, AGI, other Business Enterprises, CSOs, JS, GBA, Traditional Authorities, Trade Unions, NLC, Ghana Arbitration Centre, GHACMA, ADRC

Strategy: 4.2 Strengthen victims’ reporting channels on BHR abuse, violations and remedial actions

Activities: Establish effective channels for complaints and redress mechanism

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, OOP
Implementing collaborating agencies: CHRAJ, OAG&MOJ, GPS, JS, JUDICIARY

Activities: Institute mechanisms and systems for reporting and monitoring on BHR remedial measures

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: CHRAJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, Trade Union, Employers’ Associations CSOs, OAG&MOJ, Police, JS, Media

Activities: Establish structures at the local levels for effective mediation between businesses and affected communities

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: MDAs, MMDAs
Implementing collaborating agencies: CHRAJ, GPS, JS, NDPC, ICBs, Traditional Authorities, FBOs, LAC, CBOs

Activities: Institute judicial mechanisms to expedite adjudication of BHR cases

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: Judiciary, OAG&MOJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, GPS, CHRAJ, CSOs, Ghana Arbitration Centre, GHACMA, ADRC

Strategy: 4.3 Strengthen access to remedy mechanisms against business and human rights abuses and violations

Activities: Organize sensitization and awareness creation programmes on rights-holders and victims’ access to judicial and non-judicial justice

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: OAG&MOJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: LAC, GBA, Media, NLC

Strategy: 4.4 Strengthen institutional capacity on effective, inclusive and gender-responsive access to remedy

Activities: Advocate for an increase in the budgetary allocations to the state judicial and non-judicial institutions

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: OAG&MOJ, CHRAJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: Parliament, MoF, JS, CSOs

Activities: Organize capacity building programmes for law enforcement agencies on judicial and non-judicial remedial services on BHR violations.

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: OAG&MOJ, Judiciary
Implementing collaborating agencies: CHRAJ, GPS, CHRAJ, MINTER, GBA, LAC, Ghana Prisons Service, JS

Activities: Organize capacity building programmes for lawyers, human rights defenders and judicial officers on access to effective remedy for victims of BHR abuse

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: OAG&MOJ, CHRAJ
Implementing collaborating agencies: Judiciary, JS, GPS, MINTER, GBA, CSOs, LAC, CBOs

Key Objective 5: Improve culture of adaptive learning and monitoring systems at relevant institutions involved in protecting human rights

Strategy: 5.1 Establish monitoring, evaluation and learning systems

Activities: Develop a comprehensive MEL Plan

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: MDAs, MMDAs
Implementing collaborating agencies: NDPC, CSOs, RCC, CHRAJ

Strategy 5.2 Budgetary allocation and commitment to MEL activities

Activities: Allocate budget for measuring and learning events

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, NDPCs
Implementing collaborating agencies: CSOs, RCC, CHRAJ, MoF

Strategy: 5.3 Performance evaluation of NAP-BHR

Activities: Evaluate the implementation of NAP-BHR at the mid-term and the end of 5-year period

Time frame: 2025-2029
Implementing lead agencies: CHRAJ, NDPC, GSS
Implementing collaborating agencies: MDAs, MMDAs, CSOs, NLC